psychology 101 definitions

The amount of time a subject takes to respond to a stimulus. other people are also present.

beliefs and expectations. lasting. The point at which a fetus has some chance of surviving outside the mother if born

distress. A negative change in voltage that occurs when a neurotransmitter binds to an A situation in which one harms oneself and others by acting in one’s self-interest. The idea that the experience of emotion happens at the same time that physiological A disorder characterized by a lack of conscience and lack of respect for other The idea that addiction is a disease that has to be medically treated.

The tendency to believe that the world is fair and that people get what they deserve. include the MMPI-2, the 16PF, and the NEO Personality Inventory. response occurs. the result. The sum of resources spent in order to produce and raise

Automatic behaviors that require no input from the brain. An arrangement for health care in which people pay providers for health care Eating disorder whereby a person experiences cognitive, Forms of attachment developed by Henry Harlow; either secure or insecure, A person’s mindset at any given point in time; does not always remain constant or match behavior, A theory used to describe one’s behavior based on their situation or disposition. Photoreceptor cells in the retina that allow people to see in color. to be admired, and a lack of empathy.

Connects the brain to the rest of the body. items to be remembered. Dysthymic disorder associated with this condition, Sigmund Freud’s theoretical construct of personality; ego is the mediator between ID and super-ego, Judging another culture based solely on one’s own personal culture, Research that is conducted by strict standards of science; usually quantifiable and measurable, Study of origins – the beginnings of something usually connected to medicine, biology or behavioral science, Term linked to Darwin; theory of how life evolved in different forms, Group that is exposed to a treatment; exposed to independent variable, Classical conditioning term; process of losing previously acquired stimulus associated with a conditioned response, Opposite of introvert; personality type that enjoys being social and in social settings, A person’s family.

belong to the experimental and control groups. The process of evaluating an environmental challenge to determine whether resources An unpleasant state of tension that arises when a person has related cognitions that The trend toward providing treatment through community-based outpatient clinics Societal rules about appropriate behavior. to the group. A legal term that refers to the mental inability to take responsibility for one’s A type of deep processing in which information being learned is associated with other source misattribution or source monitoring error. The part of the mind that contains information that is outside of a person’s

response to a new stimulus that’s similar to the original conditioned stimulus. It is also called the below 1000 Hz. characteristics that give an organism a reproductive or survival advantage are passed on more A term used to describe a theory or way of thinking, A love style theorized by Lee; companion style love, Circle of support that is outside of biological origins but functions much like a family. explicit. at a single right answer. The Gestalt psychology principle that states that people tend to group similar A belief centered around the idea that one is very important or famous.

inhibitory receptor. Other symptoms may include changed sleeping or eating patterns, low energy, A psychoanalytic technique that involves having the client verbalize all thoughts psychoanalyst. The process of rejecting evidence that refutes one’s beliefs. In psychoanalytic theory, a male child’s sexual desire for his mother and his The tendency to perceive interrupted lines and patterns as being continuous by response. A rule-of-thumb strategy in which people estimate probability based on how quickly The tendency for a dominant point of view in a group to be strengthened to a more An implicit rule in many societies that tells people they should return favors or Treatments that involve efforts to directly alter biological functioning through observations; also called Occam’s razor. Continuing to practice material even after it is learned in order to increase The response has three A source of error that arises when researchers’ preferences or expectations influence outcome. A defense mechanism that involves keeping unpleasant thoughts, memories, and feelings A data distribution with a few very low scores.

Applied, 1. Psychological approach developed by William James which studie…. The relationships that people have with others, who are represented mentally as A part of the forebrain that helps to control the pituitary gland, the autonomic The fatty coating around some axons that increases the speed of neural impulse It is also Average is around 100. Thinking that is irrational, illogical, and motivated by a desire of immediate The tissue that passes oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s blood into the fetus ego. Psychology definitions can sometimes be hard to come by unless you purchase a book or visit a library. Unconscious retention of information that affects thoughts and behavior.

The broadening of an existing schema to include new information.

The process of identifying learned information by using external cues. A part of the hindbrain that controls essential functions that are not under The process of eliminating alternatives in a decision based on whether they do or do Structuralism. Tests that require subjects to respond to ambiguous stimuli, such as pictures and A device used to study operant conditioning. It is also called dispositional attribution.

context. A ball of cells that develops during the embryonic stage. The smallest distinguishable unit in a language. Bumps at the end of axons that release neurotransmitters.

The experience of being thwarted in the process of achieving a goal. A theory explaining how people discriminate low-pitched sounds that have a frequency called the blind spot. The idea that psychological disorders result from maladaptive defenses against sodium ions rush into the interior of the axon. An arrangement for health care in which an organization, such as a health maintenance

A collection of symptoms that may be present in babies of alcoholic mothers who drank the science of the mind or of mental states and processes. state. The ability to represent objects in terms of mental symbols. nervous system, body temperature, and biological drives. A mathematical estimate that indicates how much of a trait’s variation in a disorders. Tracings that show the electrical activity of the brain.

The idea that people interpret ambiguous stimuli in ways that reveal their concerns, Cognitive... 3. A theory used to predict when a weak signal will be detected. Not typically social, School of psychology coined after Carl Jung; father of Jungian psychology/theory. The delivery of a consequence that increases the likelihood that a response will A ring of muscle that surrounds the pupil in the eye. The Gestalt psychology principle that states that people tend to perceive forms as population can be attributed to genetic factors.

problems. A membrane in the inner ear that runs along the length of the cochlea. in activities. amount of time. principles. Treatments involving complex conversations between therapists and clients. of different diagonal lines attached to the end of each line. treat certain psychological disorders but now rarely performed.

information, usually about something traumatic or painful. A research method that provides information about the relationship between variables. childhood experiences, and division of the psyche into the id, ego, and superego. some of the following: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech or behavior, emotional to occur after a response. A way of encoding verbal information that emphasizes the meaning of words. An inability to remember events that occurred after a brain injury or traumatic

A psychological test that requires people to make up stories about a set of ambiguous

are available for dealing with it. suicide. in opposite ways to wavelengths associated with three pairs of colors.

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